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Michael Becher

M. Sc.

Doctoral Researcher
Visualization Research Center (VISUS)
Ertl Group

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+49 711 685 88618
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Allmandring 19
70569 Stuttgart
Germany
Room: 00.110

Publications

2023
1. Öney, Seyda ; Pathmanathan, Nelusa ; Becher, Michael ; Sedlmair, Michael ; Weiskopf, Daniel ; Kurzhals, Kuno: Visual Gaze Labeling for Augmented Reality Studies. In: Bujack, R. ; Archambault, D. ; Schreck, T. (Hrsg.) Computer Graphics Forum, Computer Graphics Forum. Bd. 42, The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. (2023), Nr. 3, S. 373-38412 pages
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  BibTeX
  @article{N2090D:2023, abstract = {Augmented Reality (AR) provides new ways for situated visualization and human-computer interaction in physical environments. Current evaluation procedures for AR applications rely primarily on questionnaires and interviews, providing qualitative means to assess usability and task solution strategies. Eye tracking extends these existing evaluation methodologies by providing indicators for visual attention to virtual and real elements in the environment. However, the analysis of viewing behavior, especially the comparison of multiple participants, is difficult to achieve in AR. Specifically, the definition of areas of interest (AOIs), which is often a prerequisite for such analysis, is cumbersome and tedious with existing approaches. To address this issue, we present a new visualization approach to define AOIs, label fixations, and investigate the resulting annotated scanpaths. Our approach utilizes automatic annotation of gaze on virtual objects and an image-based approach that also considers spatial context for the manual annotation of objects in the real world. Our results show, that with our approach, eye tracking data from AR scenes can be annotated and analyzed flexibly with respect to data aspects and annotation strategies.}, author = {Öney, Seyda and Pathmanathan, Nelusa and Becher, Michael and Sedlmair, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel and Kurzhals, Kuno}, doi = {10.1111/cgf.14837}, editor = {Bujack, Roxana and Archambault, Daniel and Schreck, Tobias}, journal = {Computer Graphics Forum}, number = 3, pages = {373-38412 pages}, publisher = {The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.}, title = {Visual Gaze Labeling for Augmented Reality Studies}, url = {https://diglib.eg.org/xmlui/handle/10.1111/cgf14837}, volume = 42, year = 2023 }
  Link
  https://diglib.eg.org/xmlui/handle/10.1111/cgf14837
2. Pathmanathan, N. ; Öney, S. ; Becher, M. ; Sedlmair, M. ; Weiskopf, D. ; Kurzhals, K.: Been There, Seen That: Visualization of Movement and 3D Eye Tracking Data from Real-World Environments. In: Computer Graphics Forum, Computer Graphics Forum. Bd. 42 (2023), Nr. 3, S. 385–396
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  @article{https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14838, abstract = {Abstract The distribution of visual attention can be evaluated using eye tracking, providing valuable insights into usability issues and interaction patterns. However, when used in real, augmented, and collaborative environments, new challenges arise that go beyond desktop scenarios and purely virtual environments. Toward addressing these challenges, we present a visualization technique that provides complementary views on the movement and eye tracking data recorded from multiple people in real-world environments. Our method is based on a space-time cube visualization and a linked 3D replay of recorded data. We showcase our approach with an experiment that examines how people investigate an artwork collection. The visualization provides insights into how people moved and inspected individual pictures in their spatial context over time. In contrast to existing methods, this analysis is possible for multiple participants without extensive annotation of areas of interest. Our technique was evaluated with a think-aloud experiment to investigate analysis strategies and an interview with domain experts to examine the applicability in other research fields.}, author = {Pathmanathan, N. and Öney, S. and Becher, M. and Sedlmair, M. and Weiskopf, D. and Kurzhals, K.}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14838}, eprint = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/cgf.14838}, journal = {Computer Graphics Forum}, number = 3, pages = {385-396}, title = {Been There, Seen That: Visualization of Movement and 3D Eye Tracking Data from Real-World Environments}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/cgf.14838}, volume = 42, year = 2023 }
  Link
  https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/cgf.14838
2022
1. Abdelaal, Moataz ; Amtsberg, Felix ; Becher, Michael ; Estrada, Rebeca Duque ; Kannenberg, Fabian ; Calepso, Aimée Sousa ; Wagner, Hans Jakob ; Reina, Guido ; u. a.: Visualization for Architecture, Engineering, and Construction: Shaping the Future of Our Built World. In: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. Bd. 42 (2022), Nr. 2, S. 10–20
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  @article{9709159, abstract = {Our built world is one of the most important factors for a livable future, accounting for massive impact on resource and energy use, as well as climate change, but also the social and economic aspects that come with population growth. The architecture, engineering, and construction industry is facing the challenge that it needs to substantially increase its productivity, let alone the quality of buildings of the future. In this article, we discuss these challenges in more detail, focusing on how digitization can facilitate this transformation of the industry, and link them to opportunities for visualization and augmented reality research. We illustrate solution strategies for advanced building systems based on wood and fiber.}, author = {Abdelaal, Moataz and Amtsberg, Felix and Becher, Michael and Estrada, Rebeca Duque and Kannenberg, Fabian and Calepso, Aimée Sousa and Wagner, Hans Jakob and Reina, Guido and Sedlmair, Michael and Menges, Achim and Weiskopf, Daniel}, doi = {10.1109/MCG.2022.3149837}, issn = {1558-1756}, journal = {IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications}, month = {03}, number = 2, pages = {10-20}, title = {Visualization for Architecture, Engineering, and Construction: Shaping the Future of Our Built World}, volume = 42, year = 2022 }
2. Becher, Michael ; Herr, Dominik ; Müller, Christoph ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Reina, Guido ; Wagner, Lena ; Ertl, Thomas ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Situated Visual Analysis and Live Monitoring for Manufacturing. In: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. (2022), S. 1–1
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  @article{9732172, abstract = {Modern machines continuously log status reports over long periods of time, which are valuable data to optimize working routines. Data visualization is a commonly used tool to gain insights into these data, mostly in retrospective, e.g. to determine causal dependencies between faults of different machines. We present an approach to bring such visual analyses to the shop floor to support reacting to faults in real time. This approach combines combines spatio-temporal analyses of time series using a handheld touch device with augmented reality for live monitoring. Important information augments machines directly in their real-world context and detailed logs of current and historical events are displayed on the handheld device. In collaboration with an industry partner, we designed and tested our approach on a live production line to obtain feedback from operators. We compare our approach for monitoring and analysis with existing solutions that are currently deployed.}, author = {Becher, Michael and Herr, Dominik and Müller, Christoph and Kurzhals, Kuno and Reina, Guido and Wagner, Lena and Ertl, Thomas and Weiskopf, Daniel}, doi = {10.1109/MCG.2022.3157961}, issn = {1558-1756}, journal = {IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications}, pages = {1-1}, title = {Situated Visual Analysis and Live Monitoring for Manufacturing}, year = 2022 }
2021
1. Frieß, Florian ; Becher, Michael ; Reina, Guido ; Ertl, Thomas: Amortised Encoding for Large High-Resolution Displays. In: 2021 IEEE 11th Symposium on Large Data Analysis and Visualization (LDAV), 2021 IEEE 11th Symposium on Large Data Analysis and Visualization (LDAV), 2021, S. 53–62
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  @inproceedings{9623235, abstract = {Both visual detail and a low-latency transfer of image data are required for collaborative exploration of scientific data sets across large high-resolution displays. In this work, we present an approach that reduces the resolution before the encoding and uses temporal upscaling to reconstruct the full resolution image, reducing the overall latency and the required bandwidth without significantly impacting the details perceived by observers. Our approach takes advantage of the fact that humans do not perceive the full details of moving objects by providing a perfect reconstruction for static parts of the image, while non-static parts are reconstructed with a lower quality. This strategy enables a substantial reduction of the encoding latency and the required bandwidth with barely noticeable changes in visual quality, which is crucial for collaborative analysis across display walls at different locations. Additionally, our approach can be combined with other techniques aiming to reduce the required bandwidth while keeping the quality as high as possible, such as foveated encoding. We demonstrate the reduced overall latency, the required bandwidth, as well as the high image quality using different visualisations.}, author = {Frieß, Florian and Becher, Michael and Reina, Guido and Ertl, Thomas}, booktitle = {2021 IEEE 11th Symposium on Large Data Analysis and Visualization (LDAV)}, doi = {10.1109/LDAV53230.2021.00013}, pages = {53-62}, title = {Amortised Encoding for Large High-Resolution Displays}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9623235}, year = 2021 }
  Link
  https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9623235
2. Schatz, K. ; Müller, C. ; Gralka, P. ; Heinemann, M. ; Straub, A. ; Schulz, C. ; Braun, M. ; Rau, T. ; u. a.: 2019 IEEE Scientific Visualization Contest Winner: Visual Analysis of Structure Formation in Cosmic Evolution. In: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (CG&A), IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (CG&A). Bd. 41 (2021), Nr. 06, S. 101–110
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  @article{9126163, abstract = {Simulations of cosmic evolution are a means to explain the formation of the universe as we see it today. The resulting data of such simulations comprise numerous physical quantities, which turns their analysis into a complex task. Here, we analyze such high-dimensional and time-varying particle data using various visualization techniques from the fields of particle visualization, flow visualization, volume visualization, and information visualization. Our approach employs specialized filters to extract and highlight the development of so-called active galactic nuclei and filament structures formed by the particles. Additionally, we calculate X-ray emission of the evolving structures in a pre-processing step to complement visual analysis. Our approach is integrated into a single visual analytics framework to allow for analysis of star formation at interactive frame rates. Finally, we lay out the methodological aspects of our work that led to success at the 2019 IEEE SciVis Contest.}, author = {Schatz, K. and Müller, C. and Gralka, P. and Heinemann, M. and Straub, A. and Schulz, C. and Braun, M. and Rau, T. and Becher, M. and Frey, S. and Reina, G. and Sedlmair, M. and Weiskopf, D. and Ertl, T. and Diehl, P. and Marcello, D. and Frank, J. and Müller, T.}, doi = {10.1109/MCG.2020.3004613}, issn = {1558-1756}, journal = {IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (CG&A)}, month = {11}, number = 06, pages = {101-110}, title = {2019 IEEE Scientific Visualization Contest Winner: Visual Analysis of Structure Formation in Cosmic Evolution}, url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9126163}, volume = 41, year = 2021 }
  Link
  https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9126163
2020
1. Öney, Seyda ; Rodrigues, Nils ; Becher, Michael ; Reina, Guido ; Ertl, Thomas ; Sedlmair, Michael ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Evaluation of Gaze Depth Estimation from Eye Tracking in Augmented Reality. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications-Short Paper (ETRA-SP), Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications-Short Paper (ETRA-SP) : ACM, 2020, S. 49:1-49:5
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  @inproceedings{oney_evaluation_2020, abstract = {Gaze tracking in 3D has the potential to improve interaction with objects and visualizations in augmented reality. However, previous research showed that subjective perception of distance varies between real and virtual surroundings. We wanted to determine whether objectively measured 3D gaze depth through eye tracking also exhibits differences between entirely real and augmented environments. To this end, we conducted an experiment (N = 25) in which we used Microsoft HoloLens with a binocular eye tracking add-on from Pupil Labs. Participants performed a task that required them to look at stationary real and virtual objects while wearing a HoloLens device. We were not able to find significant differences in the gaze depth measured by eye tracking. Finally, we discuss our findings and their implications for gaze interaction in immersive analytics, and the quality of the collected gaze data.}, author = {Öney, Seyda and Rodrigues, Nils and Becher, Michael and Reina, Guido and Ertl, Thomas and Sedlmair, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications-Short Paper (ETRA-SP)}, doi = {10.1145/3379156.3391835}, pages = {49:1-49:5}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Evaluation of Gaze Depth Estimation from Eye Tracking in Augmented Reality}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3379156.3391835}, year = 2020 }
  Link
  https://doi.org/10.1145/3379156.3391835
2. Pathmanathan, Nelusa ; Becher, Michael ; Rodrigues, Nils ; Reina, Guido ; Ertl, Thomas ; Weiskopf, Daniel ; Sedlmair, Michael: Eye vs. Head: Comparing Gaze Methods for Interaction in Augmented Reality. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (ETRA), Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (ETRA). Stuttgart, Germany : ACM, 2020 — ISBN 9781450371346, S. 50:1-50:5
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  @inproceedings{10.1145/3379156.3391829, abstract = {Visualization in virtual 3D environments can provide a natural way for users to explore data. Often, arm and short head movements are required for interaction in augmented reality, which can be tiring and strenuous though. In an effort toward more user-friendly interaction, we developed a prototype that allows users to manipulate virtual objects using a combination of eye gaze and an external clicker device. Using this prototype, we performed a user study comparing four different input methods of which head gaze plus clicker was preferred by most participants.}, articleno = {50}, author = {Pathmanathan, Nelusa and Becher, Michael and Rodrigues, Nils and Reina, Guido and Ertl, Thomas and Weiskopf, Daniel and Sedlmair, Michael}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (ETRA)}, doi = {10.1145/3379156.3391829}, isbn = {9781450371346}, location = {Stuttgart, Germany}, numpages = {5}, pages = {50:1-50:5}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Eye vs. Head: Comparing Gaze Methods for Interaction in Augmented Reality}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3379156.3391829}, year = 2020 }
  Link
  https://doi.org/10.1145/3379156.3391829
2019
1. Gralka, Patrick ; Becher, Michael ; Braun, Matthias ; Frieß, Florian ; Müller, Christoph ; Rau, Tobias ; Schatz, Karsten ; Schulz, Christoph ; u. a.: MegaMol -- a comprehensive prototyping framework for visualizations. In: The European Physical Journal (Special Topics), The European Physical Journal (Special Topics). Bd. 227: Particle Methods in Natural Science and Engineering (2019), Nr. 14, S. 1817--1829
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  @article{Gralka2019Megamol, abstract = {We present MegaMol, a low-overhead prototyping framework for interactive visualization of large scientific data sets. We give a brief summary of related work for context and then focus on a comprehensive overview of the core architecture of the framework. This is followed by the existing and novel features and techniques in MegaMol that define its current functionality. MegaMol has originally been developed to support the visualization and analysis of particle-based data sets that, for instance, come from molecular dynamics simulations. Meanwhile, the software has evolved beyond that. New algorithms and techniques have been implemented to handle many diverse tasks, including information visualization. Additionally, improvements have been made on the software engineering side to make MegaMol more accessible for domain scientists, like an easy-to-handle scripting interface.}, author = {Gralka, Patrick and Becher, Michael and Braun, Matthias and Frieß, Florian and Müller, Christoph and Rau, Tobias and Schatz, Karsten and Schulz, Christoph and Krone, Michael and Reina, Guido and Ertl, Thomas}, doi = {10.1140/epjst/e2019-800167-5}, issn = {1951-6401}, journal = {The European Physical Journal (Special Topics)}, number = 14, pages = {1817--1829}, title = {MegaMol -- a comprehensive prototyping framework for visualizations}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2019-800167-5}, volume = {227: Particle Methods in Natural Science and Engineering}, year = 2019 }
  Link
  https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2019-800167-5
2. Schatz, Karsten ; Müller, Christoph ; Gralka, Patrick ; Heinemann, Moritz ; Straub, Alexander ; Schulz, Christoph ; Braun, Matthias ; Rau, Tobias ; u. a.: Visual Analysis of Structure Formation in Cosmic Evolution. In: 2019 IEEE Scientific Visualization Conference (SciVis), 2019 IEEE Scientific Visualization Conference (SciVis), 2019, S. 33–41
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  @inproceedings{schatz2019visual, abstract = {The IEEE SciVis 2019 Contest targets the visual analysis of structure formation in the cosmic evolution of the universe from when the universe was five million years old up to now. In our submission, we analyze high-dimensional data to get an overview, then investigate the impact of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) using various visualization techniques, for instance, an adapted filament filtering method for detailed analysis and particle flow in the vicinity of filaments. Based on feedback from domain scientists on these initial visualizations, we also analyzed X-ray emissions and star formation areas. The conversion of star-forming gas to stars and the resulting increasing molecular weight of the particles could be observed.}, author = {Schatz, Karsten and Müller, Christoph and Gralka, Patrick and Heinemann, Moritz and Straub, Alexander and Schulz, Christoph and Braun, Matthias and Rau, Tobias and Becher, Michael and Diehl, Patrick and Marcello, Dominic and Frank, Juhan and Müller, Thomas and Frey, Steffen and Reina, Guido and Weiskopf, Daniel and Ertl, Thomas}, booktitle = {2019 IEEE Scientific Visualization Conference (SciVis)}, doi = {10.1109/scivis47405.2019.8968855}, pages = {33-41}, title = {Visual Analysis of Structure Formation in Cosmic Evolution}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scivis47405.2019.8968855}, year = 2019 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scivis47405.2019.8968855
2017
1. Bahrdt, Daniel ; Becher, Michael ; Funke, Stefan ; Krumpe, Filip ; Nusser, André ; Seybold, Martin ; Storandt, Sabine: Growing Balls in ℝd. In: Fekete, S. P. ; Ramachandran, V. (Hrsg.) ; Fekete, S. P. ; Ramachandran, V. (Hrsg.): Proceedings of the Meeting on Algorithm Engineering and Experiments (ALENEX), Proceedings of the Meeting on Algorithm Engineering and Experiments (ALENEX) : SIAM, 2017 — ISBN 978-1-61197-476-8, S. 247–258
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  @inproceedings{conf/alenex/BahrdtBFKNSS17, abstract = {Given a set of prioritized balls with fixed centers in ℝd whose radii grow linearly over time, we want to compute the elimination order of these balls assuming that when two balls touch, the one with lower priority is ‘crushed’. A straightforward algorithm has running time O(n2 log n) which we improve to expected O(Δdn(log n + Δd)) where Δ = rmax/rmin is the ratio between largest and smallest radius amongst the balls. For a natural application of this problem, namely drawing labels on the globe, we have Δ = O(1). An efficient implementation based on a spherical Delaunay triangulation allows to compute the elimination order for millions of labels on commodity Desktop hardware. Dealing with rounding error induced robustness issues turned out to be one of the major challenges in the implementation.}, author = {Bahrdt, Daniel and Becher, Michael and Funke, Stefan and Krumpe, Filip and Nusser, André and Seybold, Martin and Storandt, Sabine}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Meeting on Algorithm Engineering and Experiments (ALENEX)}, doi = {10.1137/1.9781611974768.20}, editor = {Fekete, Sándor P. and Ramachandran, Vijaya}, ee = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611974768.20}, isbn = {978-1-61197-476-8}, pages = {247-258}, publisher = {SIAM}, title = {Growing Balls in ℝd}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611974768.20}, year = 2017 }
  Link
  https://doi.org/10.1137/1.9781611974768.20

Michael Becher

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2023

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2022

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2021

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Michael Becher

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2023

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2022

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2021

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2020

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2019

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2017

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