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Kuno Kurzhals

Dr.

Junior Research Group Leader
Visualization Research Center (VISUS)
Weiskopf Group

Contact

+49 711 685 88609
Email
Business card (VCF)

Allmandring 19
70569 Stuttgart
Germany
Room: 00.107

Subject

Most of my research is focused on video visualization and evaluation methods. I conducted several user studies on the evaluation of video visualization techniques. The use of eye tracking for videos is of special interest for future evaluations.

Publications

Publications:

2023
1. Chen, Kun-Ting ; Ngo, Quynh Quang ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Marriott, Kim ; Dwyer, Tim ; Sedlmair, Michael ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Reading Strategies for Graph Visualizations That Wrap Around in Torus Topology. In: Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications, Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. Tubingen, Germany : Association for Computing Machinery, 2023 — ISBN 9798400701504
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  @inproceedings{10.1145/3588015.3589841, abstract = {We investigate reading strategies for node-link diagrams that wrap around the boundaries in a flattened torus topology by examining eye tracking data recorded in a previous controlled study. Prior work showed that torus drawing affords greater flexibility in clutter reduction than traditional node-link representations, but impedes link-and-path exploration tasks, while repeating tiles around boundaries aids comprehension. However, it remains unclear what strategies users apply in different wrapping settings. This is important for design implications for future work on more effective wrapped visualizations for network applications, and cyclic data that could benefit from wrapping. We perform visual-exploratory data analysis of gaze data, and conduct statistical tests derived from the patterns identified. Results show distinguishable gaze behaviors, with more visual glances and transitions between areas of interest in the non-replicated layout. Full-context has more successful visual searches than partial-context, but the gaze allocation indicates that the layout could be more space-efficient.}, address = {New York, NY, USA}, articleno = {67}, author = {Chen, Kun-Ting and Ngo, Quynh Quang and Kurzhals, Kuno and Marriott, Kim and Dwyer, Tim and Sedlmair, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications}, doi = {10.1145/3588015.3589841}, isbn = {9798400701504}, location = {Tubingen, Germany}, numpages = {7}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, series = {ETRA '23}, title = {Reading Strategies for Graph Visualizations That Wrap Around in Torus Topology}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589841}, year = 2023 }
  Link
  https://doi.org/10.1145/3588015.3589841
2. Öney, Seyda ; Pathmanathan, Nelusa ; Becher, Michael ; Sedlmair, Michael ; Weiskopf, Daniel ; Kurzhals, Kuno: Visual Gaze Labeling for Augmented Reality Studies. In: Bujack, R. ; Archambault, D. ; Schreck, T. (Hrsg.) Computer Graphics Forum, Computer Graphics Forum. Bd. 42, The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. (2023), Nr. 3, S. 373-38412 pages
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  @article{N2090D:2023, abstract = {Augmented Reality (AR) provides new ways for situated visualization and human-computer interaction in physical environments. Current evaluation procedures for AR applications rely primarily on questionnaires and interviews, providing qualitative means to assess usability and task solution strategies. Eye tracking extends these existing evaluation methodologies by providing indicators for visual attention to virtual and real elements in the environment. However, the analysis of viewing behavior, especially the comparison of multiple participants, is difficult to achieve in AR. Specifically, the definition of areas of interest (AOIs), which is often a prerequisite for such analysis, is cumbersome and tedious with existing approaches. To address this issue, we present a new visualization approach to define AOIs, label fixations, and investigate the resulting annotated scanpaths. Our approach utilizes automatic annotation of gaze on virtual objects and an image-based approach that also considers spatial context for the manual annotation of objects in the real world. Our results show, that with our approach, eye tracking data from AR scenes can be annotated and analyzed flexibly with respect to data aspects and annotation strategies.}, author = {Öney, Seyda and Pathmanathan, Nelusa and Becher, Michael and Sedlmair, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel and Kurzhals, Kuno}, doi = {10.1111/cgf.14837}, editor = {Bujack, Roxana and Archambault, Daniel and Schreck, Tobias}, journal = {Computer Graphics Forum}, number = 3, pages = {373-38412 pages}, publisher = {The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.}, title = {Visual Gaze Labeling for Augmented Reality Studies}, url = {https://diglib.eg.org/xmlui/handle/10.1111/cgf14837}, volume = 42, year = 2023 }
  Link
  https://diglib.eg.org/xmlui/handle/10.1111/cgf14837
3. Pathmanathan, N. ; Öney, S. ; Becher, M. ; Sedlmair, M. ; Weiskopf, D. ; Kurzhals, K.: Been There, Seen That: Visualization of Movement and 3D Eye Tracking Data from Real-World Environments. In: Computer Graphics Forum, Computer Graphics Forum. Bd. 42 (2023), Nr. 3, S. 385–396
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  @article{https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14838, abstract = {Abstract The distribution of visual attention can be evaluated using eye tracking, providing valuable insights into usability issues and interaction patterns. However, when used in real, augmented, and collaborative environments, new challenges arise that go beyond desktop scenarios and purely virtual environments. Toward addressing these challenges, we present a visualization technique that provides complementary views on the movement and eye tracking data recorded from multiple people in real-world environments. Our method is based on a space-time cube visualization and a linked 3D replay of recorded data. We showcase our approach with an experiment that examines how people investigate an artwork collection. The visualization provides insights into how people moved and inspected individual pictures in their spatial context over time. In contrast to existing methods, this analysis is possible for multiple participants without extensive annotation of areas of interest. Our technique was evaluated with a think-aloud experiment to investigate analysis strategies and an interview with domain experts to examine the applicability in other research fields.}, author = {Pathmanathan, N. and Öney, S. and Becher, M. and Sedlmair, M. and Weiskopf, D. and Kurzhals, K.}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.14838}, eprint = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/cgf.14838}, journal = {Computer Graphics Forum}, number = 3, pages = {385-396}, title = {Been There, Seen That: Visualization of Movement and 3D Eye Tracking Data from Real-World Environments}, url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/cgf.14838}, volume = 42, year = 2023 }
  Link
  https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/cgf.14838
4. Koch, Maurice ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Burch, Michael ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Visualization Psychology for Eye Tracking Evaluation. In: Albers Szafir, D. ; Borgo, R. ; Chen, M. ; Edwards, D. J. ; Fisher, B. ; Padilla, L. (Hrsg.) ; Albers Szafir, D. ; Borgo, R. ; Chen, M. ; Edwards, D. J. ; Fisher, B. ; Padilla, L. (Hrsg.): Visualization Psychology, Visualization Psychology. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023 — ISBN 978-3-031-34738-2, S. 243--260
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  @inbook{Koch2023, abstract = {Technical progress in hardware and software enables us to record gaze data in everyday situations and over long time spans. Among a multitude of research opportunities, this technology enables visualization researchers to catch a glimpse behind performance measures and into the perceptual and cognitive processes of people using visualization techniques. The majority of eye tracking studies performed for visualization research are limited to the analysis of gaze distributions and aggregated statistics, thus only covering a small portion of insights that can be derived from gaze data. We argue that incorporating theories and methodology from psychology and cognitive science will benefit the design and evaluation of eye tracking experiments for visualization. This book chapter provides an overview of how eye tracking can be used in a variety of study designs. Furthermore, we discuss the potential merits of cognitive models for the evaluation of visualizations. We exemplify these concepts on two scenarios, each focusing on a different eye tracking study. Lastly, we identify several call for actions.}, address = {Cham}, author = {Koch, Maurice and Kurzhals, Kuno and Burch, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel}, booktitle = {Visualization Psychology}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-34738-2_10}, editor = {Albers Szafir, Danielle and Borgo, Rita and Chen, Min and Edwards, Darren J. and Fisher, Brian and Padilla, Lace}, isbn = {978-3-031-34738-2}, pages = {243--260}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, title = {Visualization Psychology for Eye Tracking Evaluation}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34738-2_10}, year = 2023 }
  Link
  https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34738-2_10
2022
1. Abdelaal, Moataz ; Schiele, Nathan Daniel ; Angerbauer, Katrin ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Sedlmair, Michael ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Supplemental Materials for: Comparative Evaluation of Bipartite, Node-Link, and Matrix-Based Network Representations, DaRUS (2022)
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  @misc{https://doi.org/10.18419/darus-3100, author = {Abdelaal, Moataz and Schiele, Nathan Daniel and Angerbauer, Katrin and Kurzhals, Kuno and Sedlmair, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel}, doi = {10.18419/DARUS-3100}, publisher = {DaRUS}, title = {Supplemental Materials for: Comparative Evaluation of Bipartite, Node-Link, and Matrix-Based Network Representations}, url = {https://darus.uni-stuttgart.de/citation?persistentId=doi:10.18419/darus-3100}, year = 2022 }
  Link
  https://darus.uni-stuttgart.de/citation?persistentId=doi:10.18419/darus-3100
2. Heyen, Frank ; Ngo, Quynh Quang ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Sedlmair, Michael: Data-Driven Visual Reflection on Music Instrument Practice. In: ACM CHI Workshop on Intelligent Music Interfaces (IMI), ACM CHI Workshop on Intelligent Music Interfaces (IMI) : ACM, 2022
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  @inproceedings{heyen2022datadriven, abstract = {We propose a data-driven approach to music instrument practice that allows studying patterns and long-term trends through visualization. Inspired by life logging and fitness tracking, we imagine musicians to record their practice sessions over the span of months or years. The resulting data in the form of MIDI or audio recordings can then be analyzed sporadically to track progress and guide decisions. Toward this vision, we started exploring various visualization designs together with a group of nine guitarists, who provided us with data and feedback over the course of three months.}, author = {Heyen, Frank and Ngo, Quynh Quang and Kurzhals, Kuno and Sedlmair, Michael}, booktitle = {ACM CHI Workshop on Intelligent Music Interfaces (IMI)}, doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2203.13320}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Data-Driven Visual Reflection on Music Instrument Practice}, url = {https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2203.13320}, year = 2022 }
  Link
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2203.13320
3. Abdelaal, Moataz ; Schiele, Nathan D. ; Angerbauer, Katrin ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Sedlmair, Michael ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Comparative Evaluation of Bipartite, Node-Link, and Matrix-Based Network Representations. In: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. (2022), S. 1–11
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  @article{9908291, abstract = {This work investigates and compares the performance of node-link diagrams, adjacency matrices, and bipartite layouts for visualizing networks. In a crowd-sourced user study (n = 150), we measure the task accuracy and completion time of the three representations for different network classes and properties. In contrast to the literature, which covers mostly topology-based tasks (e.g., path finding) in small datasets, we mainly focus on overview tasks for large and directed networks. We consider three overview tasks on networks with 500 nodes: (T1) network class identification, (T2) cluster detection, and (T3) network density estimation, and two detailed tasks: (T4) node in-degree vs. out-degree and (T5) representation mapping, on networks with 50 and 20 nodes, respectively. Our results show that bipartite layouts are beneficial for revealing the overall network structure, while adjacency matrices are most reliable across the different tasks.}, author = {Abdelaal, Moataz and Schiele, Nathan D. and Angerbauer, Katrin and Kurzhals, Kuno and Sedlmair, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel}, doi = {10.1109/TVCG.2022.3209427}, issn = {1941-0506}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, pages = {1-11}, title = {Comparative Evaluation of Bipartite, Node-Link, and Matrix-Based Network Representations}, year = 2022 }
4. Becher, Michael ; Herr, Dominik ; Müller, Christoph ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Reina, Guido ; Wagner, Lena ; Ertl, Thomas ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Situated Visual Analysis and Live Monitoring for Manufacturing. In: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. (2022), S. 1–1
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  @article{9732172, abstract = {Modern machines continuously log status reports over long periods of time, which are valuable data to optimize working routines. Data visualization is a commonly used tool to gain insights into these data, mostly in retrospective, e.g. to determine causal dependencies between faults of different machines. We present an approach to bring such visual analyses to the shop floor to support reacting to faults in real time. This approach combines combines spatio-temporal analyses of time series using a handheld touch device with augmented reality for live monitoring. Important information augments machines directly in their real-world context and detailed logs of current and historical events are displayed on the handheld device. In collaboration with an industry partner, we designed and tested our approach on a live production line to obtain feedback from operators. We compare our approach for monitoring and analysis with existing solutions that are currently deployed.}, author = {Becher, Michael and Herr, Dominik and Müller, Christoph and Kurzhals, Kuno and Reina, Guido and Wagner, Lena and Ertl, Thomas and Weiskopf, Daniel}, doi = {10.1109/MCG.2022.3157961}, issn = {1558-1756}, journal = {IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications}, pages = {1-1}, title = {Situated Visual Analysis and Live Monitoring for Manufacturing}, year = 2022 }
2021
1. Franke, Max ; Martin, Henry ; Koch, Steffen ; Kurzhals, Kuno: Visual Analysis of Spatio-temporal Phenomena with 1D Projections. In: Computer Graphics Forum, Computer Graphics Forum. Bd. 40, The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. (2021), Nr. 3, S. 335--347
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  @article{Franke_2021, abstract = {It is crucial to visually extrapolate the characteristics of their evolution to understand critical spatio-temporal events such as earthquakes, fires, or the spreading of a disease. Animations embedded in the spatial context can be helpful for understanding details, but have proven to be less effective for overview and comparison tasks. We present an interactive approach for the exploration of spatio-temporal data, based on a set of neighborhood-preserving 1D projections which help identify patterns and support the comparison of numerous time steps and multivariate data. An important objective of the proposed approach is the visual description of local neighborhoods in the 1D projection to reveal patterns of similarity and propagation. As this locality cannot generally be guaranteed, we provide a selection of different projection techniques, as well as a hierarchical approach, to support the analysis of different data characteristics. In addition, we offer an interactive exploration technique to reorganize and improve the mapping locally to users' foci of interest. We demonstrate the usefulness of our approach with different real-world application scenarios and discuss the feedback we received from domain and visualization experts.}, author = {Franke, Max and Martin, Henry and Koch, Steffen and Kurzhals, Kuno}, doi = {10.1111/cgf.14311}, issn = {1467-8659}, journal = {Computer Graphics Forum}, language = {English}, month = {06}, number = 3, pages = {335--347}, publisher = {The Eurographics Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.}, title = {Visual Analysis of Spatio-temporal Phenomena with 1D Projections}, url = {https://diglib.eg.org/handle/10.1111/cgf14311}, volume = 40, year = 2021 }
  Link
  https://diglib.eg.org/handle/10.1111/cgf14311
2020
1. Baumann, Martin ; Minasyan, Harutyun ; Koch, Steffen ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Ertl, Thomas: AnnoXplorer: A Scalable, Integrated Approach for the Visual Analysis of Text Annotations. In: Proc. 15th Int. Jt. Conf. Comput. Vis., Imaging and Comput. Graph. Theory and App. - IVAPP, Proc. 15th Int. Jt. Conf. Comput. Vis., Imaging and Comput. Graph. Theory and App. - IVAPP, 2020, S. 62--75
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  @inproceedings{Baumann.2020, author = {Baumann, Martin and Minasyan, Harutyun and Koch, Steffen and Kurzhals, Kuno and Ertl, Thomas}, booktitle = {Proc. 15th Int. Jt. Conf. Comput. Vis., Imaging and Comput. Graph. Theory and App. - IVAPP}, pages = {62--75}, title = {{AnnoXplorer: A Scalable, Integrated Approach for the Visual Analysis of Text Annotations}}, year = 2020 }
2. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Göbel, Fabian ; Angerbauer, Katrin ; Sedlmair, Michael ; Raubal, Martin: A View on the Viewer: Gaze-Adaptive Captions for Videos. In: Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2020 — ISBN 9781450367080, S. 139:1–139:12
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  @inproceedings{10.1145/3313831.3376266, abstract = {Subtitles play a crucial role in cross-lingual distribution of multimedia content and help communicate information where auditory content is not feasible (loud environments, hearing impairments, unknown languages). Established methods utilize text at the bottom of the screen, which may distract from the video. Alternative techniques place captions closer to related content (e.g., faces) but are not applicable to arbitrary videos such as documentations. Hence, we propose to leverage live gaze as indirect input method to adapt captions to individual viewing behavior. We implemented two gaze-adaptive methods and compared them in a user study (n=54) to traditional captions and audio-only videos. The results show that viewers with less experience with captions prefer our gaze-adaptive methods as they assist them in reading. Furthermore, gaze distributions resulting from our methods are closer to natural viewing behavior compared to the traditional approach. Based on these results, we provide design implications for gaze-adaptive captions.}, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and G\"{o}bel, Fabian and Angerbauer, Katrin and Sedlmair, Michael and Raubal, Martin}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, doi = {10.1145/3313831.3376266}, isbn = {9781450367080}, numpages = {12}, pages = {139:1–139:12}, title = {A View on the Viewer: Gaze-Adaptive Captions for Videos}, url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3313831.3376266}, year = 2020 }
  Link
  https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3313831.3376266
2017
1. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Çetinkaya, Emine ; Hu, Yongtao ; Wang, Wenping ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Close to the Action: Eye-tracking Evaluation of Speaker-following Subtitles. In: ACM (Hrsg.) ; ACM (Hrsg.): Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2017, S. 6559–6568
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  @inproceedings{2ef4024423b04da094a66b42aec94e6f, abstract = {The incorporation of subtitles in multimedia content plays an important role in communicating spoken content. For example, subtitles in the respective language are often preferred to expensive audio translation of foreign movies. The traditional representation of subtitles displays text centered at the bottom of the screen. This layout can lead to large distances between text and relevant image content, causing eye strain and even that we miss visual content. As a recent alternative, the technique of speaker-following subtitles places subtitle text in speech bubbles close to the current speaker. We conducted a controlled eye-tracking laboratory study (n = 40) to compare the regular approach (center-bottom subtitles) with content-sensitive, speaker-following subtitles. We compared different dialog-heavy video clips with the two layouts. Our results show that speaker-following subtitles lead to higher fixation counts on relevant image regions and reduce saccade length, which is an important factor for eye strain.}, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Çetinkaya, Emine and Hu, Yongtao and Wang, Wenping and Weiskopf, Daniel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025772}, editor = {ACM}, pages = {6559-6568}, title = {Close to the Action: Eye-tracking Evaluation of Speaker-following Subtitles}, url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3025453.3025772}, year = 2017 }
  Link
  https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3025453.3025772
2. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Stoll, Michael ; Bruhn, Andrés ; Weiskopf, Daniel: FlowBrush: Optical Flow Art. In: Proceedings of Computational Aesthetics 2017, Proceedings of Computational Aesthetics 2017, 2017
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  @inproceedings{aea7916dcac7402d87b595c395074a8b, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Stoll, Michael and Bruhn, Andrés and Weiskopf, Daniel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of Computational Aesthetics 2017}, privnote = {uid:2390}, title = {FlowBrush: Optical Flow Art}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3092912.3092914}, year = 2017 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3092912.3092914
3. Blascheck, Tanja ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Raschke, Michael ; Burch, Michael ; Weiskopf, Daniel ; Ertl, Thomas: Visualization of Eye Tracking Data: A Taxonomy and Survey. In: Computer Graphics Forum, Computer Graphics Forum. (2017)
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  @article{13482de5dc6345f782fced6978f08197, author = {Blascheck, Tanja and Kurzhals, Kuno and Raschke, Michael and Burch, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel and Ertl, Thomas}, journal = {Computer Graphics Forum}, privnote = {uid:2367}, title = {Visualization of Eye Tracking Data: A Taxonomy and Survey}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/DOI: 10.1111/cgf.13079}, year = 2017 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/DOI: 10.1111/cgf.13079
4. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Hlawatsch, Marcel ; Seeger, Christof ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Visual Analytics for Mobile Eye Tracking. In: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. Bd. 23 (2017), Nr. 1
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  @article{91efa54ef17f4bbab662f394a586520f, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Hlawatsch, Marcel and Seeger, Christof and Weiskopf, Daniel}, journal = { IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, number = 1, privnote = {uid:2382}, title = {Visual Analytics for Mobile Eye Tracking}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2016.2598695}, volume = 23, year = 2017 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2016.2598695
2016
1. Kurzhals, Kuno ; John, Markus ; Heimerl, Florian ; Kuznecov, Paul ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Visual Movie Analytics. In: IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia. Bd. 18, IEEE Transactions on Multimedia (2016), Nr. 11
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  @article{14c0eef755884876814d9d911b6ca218, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and John, Markus and Heimerl, Florian and Kuznecov, Paul and Weiskopf, Daniel}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Multimedia}, number = 11, privnote = {uid:2373}, publisher = {IEEE Transactions on Multimedia}, title = {Visual Movie Analytics}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TMM.2016.2614184}, volume = 18, year = 2016 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TMM.2016.2614184
2. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Hlawatsch, Marcel ; Burch, Michael ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Fixation-Image Charts. In: ACM (Hrsg.) ; ACM (Hrsg.): Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (ETRA), Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (ETRA). Bd. 1 : ACM, 2016, S. 11–18
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  @inproceedings{fa59d5154950416f95cd24068d77e555, abstract = {We facilitate the comparative visual analysis of eye tracking data from multiple participants with a visualization that represents the temporal changes of viewing behavior. Common approaches to visually analyze eye tracking data either occlude or ignore the underlying visual stimulus, impairing the interpretation of displayed measures. We introduce fixation-image charts: a new technique to display the temporal changes of fixations in the context of the stimulus without visual overlap between participants. Fixation durations, the distance and direction of saccades between consecutive fixations, as well as the stimulus context can be interpreted in one visual representation. Our technique is not limited to static stimuli, but can be applied to dynamic stimuli as well. Using fixation metrics and the visual similarity of stimulus regions, we complement our visualization technique with an interactive filter concept that allows for the identification of interesting fixation sequences without the time-consuming annotation of areas of interest. We demonstrate how our technique can be applied to different types of stimuli to perform a range of analysis tasks. Furthermore, we discuss advantages and shortcomings derived from a preliminary user study.}, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Hlawatsch, Marcel and Burch, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (ETRA)}, editor = {ACM}, pages = {11-18}, publisher = {ACM}, title = {Fixation-Image Charts}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2857491.2857507}, volume = 1, year = 2016 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2857491.2857507
3. Blascheck, Tanja ; John, Markus ; Koch, Steffen ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Ertl, Thomas: VA^2: A Visual Analytics Approach for Evaluating Visual Analytics Applications. In: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. Bd. 22 (2016), Nr. 1
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  @article{82110fe5d03c41c6bcea3f6f4651a8b2, author = {Blascheck, Tanja and John, Markus and Koch, Steffen and Kurzhals, Kuno and Ertl, Thomas}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, number = 1, privnote = {uid:2104}, title = {VA^2: A Visual Analytics Approach for Evaluating Visual Analytics Applications}, volume = 22, year = 2016 }
4. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Visualizing Eye Tracking Data with Gaze-Guided Slit-Scans. In: IEEE (Hrsg.) ; IEEE (Hrsg.): IEEE Second Workshop on Eye Tracking and Visualization (ETVIS), IEEE Second Workshop on Eye Tracking and Visualization (ETVIS), 2016
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  @inproceedings{49d7c274d40e4638846af9854ef90312, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Weiskopf, Daniel}, booktitle = {IEEE Second Workshop on Eye Tracking and Visualization (ETVIS) }, editor = {IEEE}, privnote = {uid:2381}, title = {Visualizing Eye Tracking Data with Gaze-Guided Slit-Scans}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ETVIS.2016.7851165}, year = 2016 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ETVIS.2016.7851165
5. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Hlawatsch, Marcel ; Heimerl, Florian ; Burch, Michael ; Ertl, Thomas ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Gaze Stripes: Image-Based Visualization of Eye Tracking Data. In: IEEE (Hrsg.) IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. Bd. 22 (2016), Nr. 1
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  @article{5b12d7ad277a4f55bcd6bd7f5dea5c72, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Hlawatsch, Marcel and Heimerl, Florian and Burch, Michael and Ertl, Thomas and Weiskopf, Daniel}, editor = {IEEE}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, number = 1, privnote = {uid:2097}, title = {Gaze Stripes: Image-Based Visualization of Eye Tracking Data}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2015.2468091}, volume = 22, year = 2016 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2015.2468091
6. Blascheck, Tanja ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Raschke, Michael ; Strohmaier, Stefan ; Weiskopf, Daniel ; Ertl, Thomas: AOI Hierarchies for Visual Exploration of Fixation Sequences. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications, ETRA ’16, Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications, ETRA ’16, 2016
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  @inproceedings{548feb0e41cf4592b1f37e7d9eeb6265, author = {Blascheck, Tanja and Kurzhals, Kuno and Raschke, Michael and Strohmaier, Stefan and Weiskopf, Daniel and Ertl, Thomas}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications, ETRA '16}, privnote = {uid:2160}, title = {AOI Hierarchies for Visual Exploration of Fixation Sequences}, year = 2016 }
7. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Fisher, Brian ; Burch, Michael ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Eye Tracking Evaluation of Visual Analytics. In: Information Visualization, Information Visualization. Bd. 15 (2016), Nr. 4, S. 340–358
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  @article{09b6f08ca4a443e9a9e0ec67a2a75fef, abstract = {The application of eye tracking for the evaluation of humans’ viewing behavior is a common approach in psy-chological research. So far, the use of this technique for the evaluation of visual analytics and visualization isless prominent. We investigate recent scientific publications from the main visualization and visual analyticsconferences and journals, as well as related research fields that include an evaluation by eye tracking.Furthermore, we provide an overview of evaluation goals that can be achieved by eye tracking and state-of-the-art analysis techniques for eye tracking data. Ideally, visual analytics leads to a mixed-initiative cognitivesystem where the mechanism of distribution is the interaction of the user with the visualization environment.Therefore, we also include a discussion of cognitive approaches and models to include the user in the evalua-tion process. Based on our review of the current use of eye tracking evaluation in our field and the cognitivetheory, we propose directions for future research on evaluation methodology, leading to the grand challengeof developing an evaluation approach to the mixed-initiative cognitive system of visual analytics.}, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Fisher, Brian and Burch, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel}, doi = {10.1177/1473871615609787}, journal = {Information Visualization}, number = 4, pages = {340-358}, title = {Eye Tracking Evaluation of Visual Analytics}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/1473871615609787}, volume = 15, year = 2016 }
  Link
  https://doi.org/10.1177/1473871615609787
2015
1. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Eye Tracking for Personal Visual Analytics. In: IEEE (Hrsg.) IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. Bd. 99 (2015), Nr. 1
  - BibTeX
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  BibTeX
  @article{38c348ea0c5240e690012d375498a275, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Weiskopf, Daniel}, editor = {IEEE}, journal = {IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications}, number = 1, privnote = {uid:2093}, title = {Eye Tracking for Personal Visual Analytics}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MCG.2015.47}, volume = 99, year = 2015 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MCG.2015.47
2. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Fisher, Brian ; Burch, Michael ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Eye Tracking Evaluation of Visual Analytics. In: Information Visualization, Information Visualization. (2015)
  - BibTeX
  - Link
  BibTeX
  @article{45247cd9e7134c5a9ddfa29eac37fe11, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Fisher, Brian and Burch, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel}, journal = {Information Visualization}, privnote = {uid:2270}, title = {Eye Tracking Evaluation of Visual Analytics}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473871615609787}, year = 2015 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473871615609787
3. Blascheck, Tanja ; Burch, Michael ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Pflüger, Hermann ; Raschke, Michael ; Pfeiffer, Thies: Eye Tracking Visualization. In: Zwicker, M. ; Soler, C. (Hrsg.) ; Zwicker, M. ; Soler, C. (Hrsg.): EG 2015 - Tutorials, EG 2015 - Tutorials : The Eurographics Association, 2015
  - BibTeX
  - Link
  BibTeX
  @inproceedings{41ff95b6df2c4e309ebd103736d45620, author = {Blascheck, Tanja and Burch, Michael and Kurzhals, Kuno and Pflüger, Hermann and Raschke, Michael and Pfeiffer, Thies}, booktitle = {EG 2015 - Tutorials}, editor = {Zwicker, M. and Soler, C.}, privnote = {uid:2063}, publisher = {The Eurographics Association}, title = {Eye Tracking Visualization}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2312/egt.20151044}, year = 2015 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.2312/egt.20151044
4. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Weiskopf, Daniel: AOI Transition Trees. In: Society, C. I. P. (Hrsg.) ; Society, C. I. P. (Hrsg.): Proceedings of the 41st Graphics Interface Conference, Proceedings of the 41st Graphics Interface Conference. Bd. 2015, 2015
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @inproceedings{3368a5d1d319459b9e668258092b9a95, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Weiskopf, Daniel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 41st Graphics Interface Conference }, editor = {Society, Canadian Information Processing}, privnote = {uid:2094}, title = {AOI Transition Trees}, volume = 2015, year = 2015 }
5. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Burch, Michael ; Pfeiffer, Thies ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Eye Tracking in Computer-Based Visualization. In: IEEE (Hrsg.) Computing in Science & Engineering, Computing in Science & Engineering. Bd. 17 (2015), Nr. 5
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  BibTeX
  @article{2f2cf3e3e9634d7491ce170d074870d8, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Burch, Michael and Pfeiffer, Thies and Weiskopf, Daniel}, editor = {IEEE}, journal = {Computing in Science & Engineering}, number = 5, title = {Eye Tracking in Computer-Based Visualization}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MCSE.2015.93}, volume = 17, year = 2015 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MCSE.2015.93
6. Krüger, Robert ; Heimerl, Florian ; Han, Qi ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Koch, Steffen ; Ertl, Thomas: Visual Analysis of Visitor Behavior for Indoor Event Management. In: on System Sciences (HICSS-48), H. I. C. (Hrsg.) ; on System Sciences (HICSS-48), H. I. C. (Hrsg.): Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-48), Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-48). Bd. 2015, 2015
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @inproceedings{c4d3d06a003a404f876c23f5dad76d7d, author = {Krüger, Robert and Heimerl, Florian and Han, Qi and Kurzhals, Kuno and Koch, Steffen and Ertl, Thomas}, booktitle = {Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-48)}, editor = {on System Sciences (HICSS-48), Hawaii International Conference}, privnote = {uid:1984}, title = {Visual Analysis of Visitor Behavior for Indoor Event Management}, volume = 2015, year = 2015 }
7. Tanisaro, Pattreeya ; Schöning, Julius ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Heidemann, Gunther ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Visual analytics for video applications. In: it - Information Technology, it - Information Technology. Bd. 57, De Gruyter (2015), Nr. 1
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  BibTeX
  @article{b16b735a66f54c89a66aaf5c25f25b37, author = {Tanisaro, Pattreeya and Schöning, Julius and Kurzhals, Kuno and Heidemann, Gunther and Weiskopf, Daniel}, journal = {it - Information Technology}, number = 1, privnote = {uid:2014}, publisher = {De Gruyter}, title = {Visual analytics for video applications}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/itit-2014-1072}, volume = 57, year = 2015 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/itit-2014-1072
2014
1. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Heimerl, Florian ; Weiskopf, Daniel: ISeeCube - Visual Analysis of Gaze Data for Video. In: ACM (Hrsg.) ; ACM (Hrsg.): Proceedings of the 2014 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications (ETRA), Proceedings of the 2014 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications (ETRA), 2014
  - BibTeX
  - Link
  BibTeX
  @inproceedings{4fe2c3124a274cfb934eebd684712324, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Heimerl, Florian and Weiskopf, Daniel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2014 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications (ETRA)}, editor = {ACM}, privnote = {uid:1915}, title = {ISeeCube - Visual Analysis of Gaze Data for Video}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2578153.2578158}, year = 2014 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2578153.2578158
2. Blascheck, Tanja ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Raschke, Michael ; Burch, Michael ; Weiskopf, Daniel ; Ertl, Thomas: State-of-the-Art of Visualization for Eye Tracking Data. In: EuroVis STAR, EuroVis STAR, 2014
  - BibTeX
  - Link
  BibTeX
  @inproceedings{fd80e03966dc41ceb55cc78e6aa9836a, author = {Blascheck, Tanja and Kurzhals, Kuno and Raschke, Michael and Burch, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel and Ertl, Thomas}, booktitle = {EuroVis STAR}, privnote = {uid:1916}, title = {State-of-the-Art of Visualization for Eye Tracking Data}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2312/eurovisstar.20141173}, year = 2014 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.2312/eurovisstar.20141173
3. Burch, Michael ; Raschke, Michael ; Blascheck, Tanja ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Weiskopf, Daniel: How Do People Read Metro Maps? An Eye Tracking Study. In: Proceedings of 1st International Workshop on Schematic Mapping, Proceedings of 1st International Workshop on Schematic Mapping, 2014
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @inproceedings{c52bb050d0fc4ee4959152fc5b6ea221, author = {Burch, Michael and Raschke, Michael and Blascheck, Tanja and Kurzhals, Kuno and Weiskopf, Daniel}, booktitle = {Proceedings of 1st International Workshop on Schematic Mapping}, privnote = {uid:1920}, title = {How Do People Read Metro Maps? An Eye Tracking Study}, year = 2014 }
4. Burch, Michael ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Visual Task Solution Strategies in Public Transport Maps. In: Proceedinsg of the 2nd International Workshop on Eye Tracking for Spatial Research, Proceedinsg of the 2nd International Workshop on Eye Tracking for Spatial Research, 2014
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @inproceedings{0139409d692242a781bdd087a602c7a7, author = {Burch, Michael and Kurzhals, Kuno and Weiskopf, Daniel}, booktitle = {Proceedinsg of the 2nd International Workshop on Eye Tracking for Spatial Research}, privnote = {uid:1992}, title = {Visual Task Solution Strategies in Public Transport Maps}, year = 2014 }
5. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Fisher, Brian ; Burch, Michael ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Evaluating Visual Analytics with Eye Tracking. Bd. 2014 : BELIV’14: Beyond time and errors: novel evaluation methods for information visualization, 2014
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @proceedings{034a16da003b49c0b000a7a8e4e16a32, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Fisher, Brian and Burch, Michael and Weiskopf, Daniel}, privnote = {uid:1999}, publisher = {BELIV'14: Beyond time and errors: novel evaluation methods for information visualization}, title = {Evaluating Visual Analytics with Eye Tracking}, volume = 2014, year = 2014 }
6. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Bopp, Cyrill Fabian ; Bässler, Jochen ; Ebinger, Felix ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Benchmark Data for Evaluating Visualization and Analysis Techniques for Eye Tracking for Video Stimuli. Bd. 2014 : BELIV’14: Beyond time and errors: novel evaluation methods for information visualization, 2014
  - BibTeX
  BibTeX
  @proceedings{96cc0930bfdf4c87a0ba15e2e602af18, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Bopp, Cyrill Fabian and Bässler, Jochen and Ebinger, Felix and Weiskopf, Daniel}, privnote = {uid:2000}, publisher = {BELIV'14: Beyond time and errors: novel evaluation methods for information visualization}, title = {Benchmark Data for Evaluating Visualization and Analysis Techniques for Eye Tracking for Video Stimuli}, volume = 2014, year = 2014 }
2013
1. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Höferlin, Markus ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Evaluation of Attention-Guiding Video Visualization. In: Computer Graphics Forum, Computer Graphics Forum. Bd. 32 (2013), Nr. 3
  - BibTeX
  - Link
  BibTeX
  @article{27d7064360bc4ac0ad22b44cd356290d, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Höferlin, Markus and Weiskopf, Daniel}, journal = {Computer Graphics Forum}, number = 3, privnote = {uid:1732}, title = {Evaluation of Attention-Guiding Video Visualization}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cgf.12092}, volume = 32, year = 2013 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cgf.12092
2. Kurzhals, Kuno ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Space-Time Visual Analytics of Eye-Tracking Data for Dynamic Stimuli. In: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG), IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG). Bd. 12 (2013), Nr. 19
  - BibTeX
  - Link
  BibTeX
  @article{c25f40b788a14828b6953ed281c0f420, author = {Kurzhals, Kuno and Weiskopf, Daniel}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG)}, number = 19, privnote = {uid:1724}, title = {Space-Time Visual Analytics of Eye-Tracking Data for Dynamic Stimuli}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2013.194}, volume = 12, year = 2013 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2013.194
2012
1. Höferlin, Markus ; Kurzhals, Kuno ; Höferlin, Benjamin ; Heidemann, Gunther ; Weiskopf, Daniel: Evaluation of Fast-Forward Video Visualization. In: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. Bd. 18 (2012), Nr. 12
  - BibTeX
  - Link
  BibTeX
  @article{SciVis2012Hoeferlin, author = {Höferlin, Markus and Kurzhals, Kuno and Höferlin, Benjamin and Heidemann, Gunther and Weiskopf, Daniel}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics}, number = 12, privnote = {uid:1444}, title = {Evaluation of Fast-Forward Video Visualization}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2012.222}, volume = 18, year = 2012 }
  Link
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2012.222

Kuno Kurzhals

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